Showing posts with label LAW. Show all posts
Showing posts with label LAW. Show all posts

Monday, 24 March 2014

IPCC Law Important questions | Topics | May 2014



May 2014  CA examinations are coming near day by day, so students have started searching for CA IPCC Important questions for May 2014, IMP Chapters, IMP Tips for IPCC May 2014 exam. But friends, first let me clear that Everything is important in CA examination except nothing… lol but its true. But even after telling this I am definitely agree that certain tips or tricks regarding examination about important chapters, time schedule can really help and make you to crack CA examination easily if you properly do follow the tips with smart work. So here I am presenting useful tips regarding IMP chapters. Most important chapters, topics & tips for CA Intermediate/IPCC May 2014 exam.

“Kindly Read it & Share It”

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Important Topics
Incorporation
_ Workplace Ethics
_ Communication channels and Ethics
_ Memorandum & Article of association (Most Important)
_ Prospectus
_ Payment of Bonus act –Limit (Most Important)
_ Payment of Gratuity act –Eligibility (Most Important)
_ Employees provident fund act (Most Important)
_ Contract Act (Most Important)
_ Corporate governance
_ Ethics in Accounting and Finance
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Strategic Preparation

“Law”




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Preparation Tips

1. In practical problems never start your answer with Yes or No unless you are 100% sure. First mention the relevant provision and show in your answer how you reach the conclusion. In the end conclude your answer in the following manner: “On the basis of above discussion we can conclude that as per the Section-166 Annual General Meeting can not be convened on a public holiday.” (Consider this as an example).

On the contrary if you are 100% sure from the very beginning always start your answer with Yes or No. Like in the above problem it is very much sure that AGM can not be held on a public holiday. 


2. Try and always mention the relevant section. Make it a habit. Do not ask anybody regarding the importance of remembering a section. If you make it a habit now it will 100% pay at the time of your final preparation. 

3. In distinctive question never segregate 2 provisions with the help of a line.

For example: Distinguish between Fixed and Floating Charge
Mention the distinction in the following way:
(i) Fixed charge is created in the specific property on the other hand floating charge is created on the class of property.
(ii) Fixed charge clutch the property whereas floating charge floats over the property.

Conclusion: You should use “on the other hand” OR “whereas” to club two different provisions.

4. You may underline the relevant provision or any substantial provision.

5. In theory paper never read practical problems first. First attempt flat questions. Like in Audit or Law first attempt short notes or distinctions etc. 

Reason for not attempting the practical problems first is that in the beginning you have enough time to read it twice or thrice and waste your time.

6. If you mention any case law highlight it properly. Write it in the following way:

Mohan Singh Rawat 
Vs.
State Electricity Board

7. In distinction problems first write something (2-3 lines) about the topic. Example: Like in the distinction between Interim and Final Dividend write some about Interim and Final Dividend and mention in the end: “hence the points of distinction between Interim and Final Dividend are as follows” 

8. In exam never use short forms like AGM, EGM, CG, CLB, ROC, ICSI, ICAI, SAP, AS.
Etc.

9. When you start your answer by using a section use like this:
“As per Section-171 of the Companies Act, 1956” 

10. Try and make an effort to complete your paper 100%. In other words attempt full paper of 100 marks. This is very important for fetching more marks.

11. Try and avoid cutting of words. (See the example below)

Whenever a company fails to file the annual accounts and annual returns, desc -ribed in sub-clause (A) of clause (g) of sub-section (1) of section 274, persons who are directors on the last due date for filing the annual accounts and the annual returns for any continuous three financial years commencing on and after the first day of April, 1999, shall be disqualified.

Observe the first line of the Para above and see the word described. Half the word is in first line and half is in second line. This is some thing very poor as far as professional exams are concerned. So avoid it.


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Downloads

Important Question For May 2014 IPCC Exams | By Srinath gupta  

                                                    


Ipcc Law Practice Manual And Rtp in Single Click 







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Sunday, 16 March 2014

Applicability of The Companies Act 2013 - November 2014 CA Exams


The Central Government has notified 98 sections of The Companies Act 2013 on 12th September, 2013. Accordingly, those 98 notified sections are applicable for November 2014 examinations corresponding to their bifurcation into the Intermediate (IPC) and Final Course(s), i.e. from these 98 sections, 53 sections have been included in the Paper – 2, Business Laws, Ethics and Communication, Intermediate (IPC) Course, and 45 have been included in the Paper- 4, Corporate and Allied Laws, Final Course.

For reference and benefit of our students, the Board of Studies has released the following publications relevant for November, 2014 examinations for Paper – 2, Business Laws, Ethics and Communication, Intermediate (IPC) Course, and Paper- 4, Corporate and Allied Laws, Final Course:


Supplementary study material for Intermediate (IPC) Course

                                                    



Intermediate (IPC) Course
SYLLABUS
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PAPER – 2 : BUSINESS LAWS, ETHICS AND COMMUNICATION
PART I – BUSINESS LAWS (60 MARKS)


Business Laws (30 Marks)
1. The Indian Contract Act, 1872
2. The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881
3. The Payment of Bonus Act, 1965
4. The Employees’ Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952
5. The Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972.
Company Law (30 Marks)
The Companies Act, 1956 – Sections 1 to 197
(a) Preliminary
(b) Board of Company Law Administration ─ National Company Law Tribunal; Appellate Tribunal
(c) Incorporation of Company and Matters Incidental thereto
(d) Prospectus and Allotment, and other matters relating to use of Shares or Debentures
(e) Share Capital and Debentures
(f) Registration of Charges
(g) Management and Administration – General Provisions – Registered office and name, Restrictions on commencement of business, Registers of members and debentures holders, Foreign registers of members or debenture holders, Annual returns, General provisions regarding registers and returns, Meetings and proceedings.
(i) Company Law in a computerized Environment – E-filing.
Note: If any provision of The Companies Act 2013 comes into force in place of an existing provision under the Companies Act, 1956 or otherwise by way of new provision, the syllabus would accordingly include the corresponding or new provisions of The Companies Act 2013, as the case may be.

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Part II – : ETHICS (20 Marks)

1. Introduction to Business Ethics
The nature, purpose of ethics and morals for organizational interests; Ethics and Conflicts of Interests; Ethical and Social Implications of business policies and decisions; Corporate Social Responsibility; Ethical issues in Corporate Governance.
2. Environment issues
Protecting the Natural Environment – Prevention of Pollution and Depletion of Natural Resources; Conservation of Natural Resources.
3. Ethics in Workplace
Individual in the organisation, discrimination, harassment, gender equality.
4. Ethics in Marketing and Consumer Protection
Healthy competition and protecting consumer’s interest.
5. Ethics in Accounting and Finance
Importance, issues and common problems.
Part III – COMMUNICATION (20 Marks)
1. Elements of Communication
(a) Forms of Communication: Formal and Informal, Interdepartmental, Verbal and nonverbal;
Active listening and critical thinking
(b) Presentation skills including conducting meeting, press conference
(c) Planning and Composing Business messages
(d) Communication channels
(e) Communicating Corporate culture, change, innovative spirits
(f) Communication breakdowns
(g) Communication ethics
(h) Groups dynamics; handling group conflicts, consensus building; influencing and persuasion skills; Negotiating and bargaining
(i) Emotional intelligence – Emotional Quotient
(j) Soft skills – personality traits; Interpersonal skills ; leadership
2. Communication in Business Environment
(a) Business Meetings – Notice, Agenda, Minutes, Chairperson’s speech
(b) Press releases
(c) Corporate announcements by stock exchanges
(d) Reporting of proceedings of a meeting
3. Basic understanding of legal deeds and documents
(a) Partnership deed
(b) Power of Attorney
(c) Lease deed
(d) Affidavit
(e) Indemnity bond
(f) Gift deed
(g) Memorandum and articles of association of a company
(h) Annual Report of a company


SYLLABUS
PAPER – 6 : AUDITING AND ASSURANCE
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1. Auditing Concepts ─ Nature and limitations of Auditing, Basic Principles governing an audit, Ethical principles and concept of Auditor’s Independence, Relationship of auditing with other disciplines.
2. Standards on Auditing and Guidance Notes ─ Overview, Standard-setting process, Role of International Auditing and Assurance Standards Board, Standards on Auditing issued by the ICAI; Guidance Note(s) on ─ Audit of Fixed Assets, Audit of Inventories, Audit of Investments, Audit of Debtors, Loans and Advances, Audit of Cash and Bank Balances, Audit of Miscellaneous Expenditure, Audit of Liabilities, Audit of Revenue, Audit of Expenses and provision for proposed dividends.
3. Auditing engagement ─ Audit planning, Audit programme, Control of quality of audit work ─ Delegation and supervision of audit work.
4. Documentation ─ Audit working papers, Audit files: Permanent and current audit files, Ownership and custody of working papers.
5. Audit evidence ─ Audit procedures for obtaining evidence, Sources of evidence, Reliability of audit evidence, Methods of obtaining audit evidence ─ Physical verification, Documentation, Direct confirmation, Re-computation, Analytical review techniques, Representation by management, Obtaining certificate.
6. Internal Control ─ Elements of internal control, Review and documentation, Evaluation of internal control system, Internal control questionnaire, Internal control check list, Tests of control, Application of concept of materiality and audit risk, Concept of internal audit.
7. Internal Control and Computerized Environment, Approaches to Auditing in Computerised Environment.
8. Auditing Sampling ─ Types of sampling, Test checking, Techniques of test checks.
9. Analytical review procedures.
10. Audit of payments ─ General considerations, Wages, Capital expenditure, Other payments and expenses, Petty cash payments, Bank payments, Bank reconciliation.
11. Audit of receipts ─ General considerations, Cash sales, Receipts from debtors, Other Receipts.
12. Audit of Purchases ─ Vouching cash and credit purchases, Forward purchases, Purchase returns, Allowance received from suppliers.
13. Audit of Sales ─ Vouching of cash and credit sales, Goods on consignment, Sale on approval basis, Sale under hire-purchase agreement, Returnable containers, Various types of allowances given to customers, Sale returns.
14. Audit of suppliers’ ledger and the debtors’ ledger ─ Self-balancing and the sectional balancing system, Total or control accounts, Confirmatory statements from credit customers and suppliers, Provision for bad and doubtful debts, Writing off of bad debts.
15. Audit of impersonal ledger ─ Capital expenditure, deferred revenue expenditure and revenue expenditure, Outstanding expenses and income, Repairs and renewals, Distinction between reserves and provisions, Implications of change in the basis of accounting.
16. Audit of assets and liabilities.
17. Company Audit ─ Audit of Shares, Qualifications and Disqualifications of Auditors, Appointment of auditors, Removal of auditors, Powers and duties of auditors, Branch audit , Joint audit , Special audit, Reporting requirements under the Companies Act, 1956.
18. Audit Report ─ Qualifications, Disclaimers, Adverse opinion, Disclosures, Reports and certificates.
19. Special points in audit of different types of undertakings, i.e., Educational institutions, Hotels, Clubs, Hospitals, Hire-purchase and leasing companies (excluding banks, electricity companies, cooperative societies, and insurance companies).
20. Features and basic principles of government audit, Local bodies and not-forprofit organizations, Comptroller and Auditor General and its constitutional role.
Note: If any provision of The Companies Act 2013 comes into force in place of an existing provision under the Companies Act, 1956 or otherwise by way of new provision, the syllabus would accordingly include the corresponding or new provisions of The Companies Act 2013, as the case may be.


Download | Notification



                                                    

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Thursday, 28 November 2013

Companies Act 2013 - Full & Highlights Material





                                                    


    Company Bill , 2013 
    

          Highlights                 

                                 

 
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Wednesday, 20 November 2013

Non-applicability of Companies Act, 2013 for May 2014, Examinations




Dear Students,

Sub: Non-applicability of Companies Act, 2013 for May 2014, Examinations

This is to bring to your notice that the Companies Act, 2013 notified in the Official Gazette on 30th August, 2013 (with partial enforcement of only 98 sections of the Companies Act, 2013 from 12th September, 2013) shall not be applicable for May 2014 examinations both at the Intermediate (IPC) and Final levels.


The examinations will be based only on the existing syllabus.


To Download Official Notification : 

Click Here




 
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Friday, 25 October 2013

How to Prepare Law subject

How to Prepare Law subject

1. Use Scanner from the very beginning. It helps you to recognize which chapter is to be given preference. Prepare a list of Chapter wise frequently asked questions from the Scanner and prepare them properly.

2. Try and develop a sense to figure out excess study material from the exam point of view and cross that material immediately in your book. Study Material provided by the institute is not updated most of the times and full of totally irrelevant material/theory.

3. If you have time prepare your own notes to learn properly only for important topics along with frequently asked questions solution.

4. As per my opinion you shouldn’t ask anybody about the relevance of quoting sections in Exams. It is off course extremely useful in law subjects especially in CA Exams. Try and quote section in your exams without any hesitation. Prepare a special strategy for remembering sections. If you make it a habit now it will 100% pay at the time of your final preparation.

5. Don’t play with the language of law specially Definitions. It is strongly recommended to put the definition in the exact language. However you can take slight liberty while drafting your answer in respect of other law language but the context, texture, interpretation and meaning should not be changed.

6. Work out on your presentation and writing skills.

7. Don’t use different notes for one topic. Finalise your notes before starting final Examination preparation and stick with them. 

8. 10 Days before examination date do not add any new topic in your schedule. Just focus on revision-revision and revision.


9. Time saving method: As per my opinion in theory paper you should attempt flat questions first. After that attempt practical problems. Like in Audit or Law first attempt short notes or distinctions etc. In the beginning if you attempt practical problems first then there may be wastage of time in reading the problem twice or thrice.

10. Make Point & give heading: In other words write your answer to the point. Try and convert the paragraphs in to points and give them a heading like I am giving in this Article. However, if during exam you have no time then avoid this practice. But it’s a very good technique of theory presentation.




 
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